1Manyika J, Chui M, Brown B. Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity [ R/OL ]. Las Vegas: The McKinsey Global Institute, 2014.
2Gantz J, Reinsel D. The digital universe in 2020: Big data, bigger digital shadows, and biggest growth in the far east [J]. IDC iView: IDC Analyze the future, 2012 : 9.
3舍恩伯格.大数据时代:生活工作与思维的大变革[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013:167.
4Orszag P. Open government directive[J]. Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies, 2009 : 2.
5Weiss R, Zgorski L. Obama administration unveils "big data" initiative: Announces $ 200 million in new R&D investments [J]. Office of Science and Technology Policy Executive Office of the President, 2012 :1.
6Five Examples of How Federal Agencies Use Big Data [EB/OL]. http://www, businessofgovernment, org/ blog/business- government/five -- examples -- how -- federal-- agecies -- use-- big-- data.
7House W. Big Data: Seizing opportunities, preserving values[J]. Washington, DC: Exeeutive Offiee of the President, 2014: 61.
8Cabinet Office. Open Data White Paper [R]. Norwich.. The Stationery Office, 2012 : 5.
9Seizing the data opportunity: a strategy for UK data ca- pability [EB/OL]. https://www, gov. uk/government/ publications/uk-- data-- capability-- strategy.
10Yiu C. The big data opportunity[J]. Policy Exchange, 2012:8.
