玉米杂交种对广西玉米主要病害抗性鉴定

Identification of Resistance of Corn hybrids to Main Diseases in Guangxi

2013~2014年,为了明确广西种子市场上54个玉米杂交种的抗病性,采用田间人工接种病原菌的方法,进行玉米纹枯病、玉米小斑病及玉米南方锈病抗性鉴定。鉴定结果表明：对玉米纹枯病抗性水平达到抗病（R）以上的玉米品种有12个;对玉米小斑病抗性水平达到抗病（R）以上的玉米品种有27个;对玉米南方锈病抗性水平达到抗病（R）以上的玉米品种有13个。其中,同时兼抗3种病害的玉米品种只有桂单0810、桂单589和正大808等3个品种;兼抗2种病害的玉米品种有桂单688、桂单162、兆丰588等14个品种。结论：广西目前种子市场上的玉米品种繁多,但兼抗多种玉米病害的品种很少,为了避免玉米生产上遭受病害带来损失的风险,应该尽量选择播种兼抗2种以上玉米主要病害的玉米品种。

During 2013 to 2014, for making clear the disease resistance of 54 maize hybrids from Guangxi seed market, artificial inoculation method was used to evaluate the resistance against corn sheath blight, southern leaf blight and southern rust. The results showed that among the 54 hybrids, 12 were resistant （including high resistant） to sheath blight, 27 were resistant （including high resistant） to southern leaf blight, 13 were resistant （including high resistant） to southern rust. ＇Guidan 0810＇, ＇Guidan 589＇ and ＇Zhengda 808＇ were resistant to all three kinds of diseases. ＇Guidan 688＇, ＇Guidan 162＇, ＇Zhaofeng 588＇ and other 14 varieties were resistant to two diseases. It was concluded that although there were plenty of corn hybrids in Guangxi market, but few of them were resistant to all diseases. In order to avoid the risk of lose caused by diseases in maize production, hybrids resistance to more than two kinds of maize diseases should be chosen.