基于大豆叶绿素含量和生物产量积累的不同铁效率品种鉴定

Identification of Soybean Varieties with Different Fe Efficiencies Based on Chlorophyll Content and Biomass Accumulation

为筛选石灰性土壤上耐低铁的大豆品种,在吉林省洮南市石灰性缺铁土壤上,通过V3和R2期叶绿素含量和单株生物产量的测定,对126个大豆品种耐低铁性进行了鉴定及聚类分析。结果表明,不同时期不同大豆品种叶绿素含量和单株生物产量差异显著。聚类分析将126个品种分成5个级别,1级品种18个,占参试品种14.3%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现最强,整个生育期叶绿素含量、单株平均生物产量均较高;2级品种33个,占参试品种26.2%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现较高,单株平均生物产量积累低于1级品种;3级品种30个,占参试品种23.8%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现中等,品种叶片前期黄化,后期均会恢复,一定程度上影响了后期干物质积累;4级品种27个,占参试品种21.4%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现较敏感,品种叶片整个生育期均黄化,干物质积累受到极显著影响;5级品种18个,占参试品种14.3%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现敏感,前期叶片黄化严重,后期植株死亡。

For screening of soybean varieties tolerant to iron deficiency in calcareous soil, the tolerance of 126 soy-bean varieties to iron deficiency were identified by cluster analysis according to chlorophyll content and biomass perplant at V3 and R2 stages in calcareous soil area of Taonan, Jilin Province. The results showed that the differencesof both chlorophyll content and biomass per plant at different stages between soybean varieties were significant. Onehundred twenty six soybean varieties were divided into 5 levels, eighteen varieties in Level 1, accounting for 14.3%of testing varieties, their tolerance to iron deficiency was the strongest for their higher chlorophyll content and bio-mass per plant during whole growth period; thirty three varieties were in Level 2, accounting for 26.2% of testing va-rieties, stronger tolerance, lower biomass per plant than that of Level 1, thirty varieties in Level 3, twenty three pointeight percent of testing varieties, moderate tolerance, leaf chlorosis at the early stage, though recovered later, but drymatter accumulation at later stage was affected; twenty seven varieties in Level 4, twenty one point four percent oftesting varieties, less sensitive to iron deficiency, leaf chlorosis during whole growth period, dry matter accumulationwas significantly affected, eighteen varieties in Level 5, fourteen point three percent of testing varieties, sensitive toiron deficiency, leaf chlorosis was severe at the early stage, and died later.