不同滴灌灌水处理对南疆沙区红枣产量及品质的影响

Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Treatment on Yield and Quality in Southern Xinjiang Sand Jujube

以新疆第一师沙区骏枣为试验材料,考虑滴灌方式、灌水量和灌水次数3个因素,设置9个不同的滴灌灌水处理和1个漫灌对照处理进行大田试验,研究不同滴灌灌水方式下,不同灌水量和灌水次数对南疆沙区成龄红枣产量和品质的影响。结果表明:点源滴灌方式和线源滴灌方式在果形指数、可食率和总糖含量方面规律性一致,中水滴灌可以降低果形指数,低水滴灌可食率均显著低于中高水滴灌处理,总糖含量均随着灌水量的增加呈现出先减少后增大的趋势。灌溉定额1 050mm条件下,滴灌灌水次数18次相比14次、10次分别增加产量8.2%、11.4%,但会相对降低果实品质。所有滴灌处理中灌溉定额1 050mm、灌水次数10次和灌溉定额1 050mm、灌水次数18次处理的产量和品质综合效果较优,比漫灌节约灌溉水量30%。

The desert areas J un jujube in Xinjiang first division as the experimental material, considering the ways of drip irrigation, irrigation amount and irrigation times three factors, set up 9 different drip irrigation treatments and a flood irrigation treatment for field trial, researching the effect on red jujube＇s yield and quality in different ways of drip irrigation of different irrigation amount and different irrigation times. Results show that point source drip irrigation and the way of line source drip irrigation in fruit shape index, edible rate and total sugar content of regularity, middle amount of irrigation water can reduce the fruit shape index, low amount of drip irrigation edible rate were significantly lower than the high and middle amount of drip irrigation treatment, total sugar content are changed with the increase of irrigation water and presents a trend of increase first and then decrease, when the drip irrigation water amount is 1 050 mm, the irrigation times of drip irrigation was 18 times compared to the 14 and 10 times, the yield increased by 8. 2% and 11.4% respectively, but relatively lower the quality of fruit. In the all drip irrigation treatment, the treatment of irrigation quota 1 050 mm and irrigation times 10 times, the treatment of irrigation quota 1 050 mm and irrigation times 18 times is the best in yield and quality of comprehensive effect, and saving 30% water than flooding irrigation.