山西省小麦需水量空间变化规律分析研究

Study on Spatial Variation of Shanxi Wheat Crop Water Requirement

结合山西省10个小麦试验站多年需水量的试验数据及邻近气象站近50年的气象资料,分析了山西省小麦需水量在空间上的变化特点及其对气象因子变化的响应。结果表明:从全生育期小麦需水量来看,以山西长治地区为最大,其他地区较为接近;从阶段作物需水量来看,尤其是拔节到收获的阶段,小麦的需水量呈现出自北向南逐渐递减的变化规律。另外,小麦的生长天数也呈现出自北向南逐渐减少的趋势。小麦生育期内日平均需水量与日平均参考作物蒸发蒸腾量关系非常密切。

Based on the test data of wheat water requirement in Shanxi Province and the nearly 50 years of meteorological data near the weather station, this paper analyzed the spatial variation of Shanxi wheat crop water requirement and the influences of meteoro- logical factors on them. The results showed that： Shanxi Changzhi the winter wheat crop water requirement in the region of Changhzi was largest. The other regions were very similar. From the analysis of the stage of the crop water requirement, especially the jointing stage to harvest, the winter wheat water requirement gradually decreased from north to south. In addition, the number of days of wheat grown from north to south is also showing a decreasing trend. The relationship between wheat period average daily water de- mand and the average wind speed is more closely.