核电厂总排放口设置与液态流出物排放方式探讨

Discussion on layout of main discharge outfall of nuclear power plant and discharging mode of liquid effluents

采用直流循环冷却的滨海核电厂温排水排放口与放射性液态流出物排放口是共用的,称为总排放口,因此总排放口的设置须同时满足温排水和放射性液态流出物排放的法规要求。排放方式的选择除与受纳水体热环境容量、岸滩类型与应用可处置度、取水温升限值和技术经济指标等相关外,还与总排放口位置、受纳水体潮汐类型密切相关。以非正规半日潮为例,综合相关法规资料及我国核电工程实际,分析了放射性液态流出物排放方式及总排放口设置的相关做法,并给出了一些积极建议。

The discharge of the thermal water and radioactive liquid effluents in coastal nuclear power plant cooled by direct flow circulating share a same outfall that is called the main discharge outfall. So the discharge outfall layout should meet the emission regulations of thermal water and radioactive liquid effluents. For discharge mode selection,besides the heat environmental capacity of receiving water,beach type and applicable disposal degree,temperature rise limit and technological and economic indexes,it is also closely related with discharge outfall location and tide types of receiving water. In the light of a non- regular semidiurnal tide,the radioactive liquid effluent discharge mode and the main discharge outfall setting are analyzed,and then some positive suggestions are given on the basis of some laws and regulations and the situation of the nuclear power plants in China.