珠江口湾区沿岸土地利用时空格局变化分析

Research on spatial-temporal changes of land use in Pearl River estuary

文章以多源遥感影像为基础,获取珠江口湾区1990年、1995年、2004年和2012年土地利用分类数据,并利用4个指数模型,对珠江口湾区3个时期土地利用结构时空格局变化差异进行对比研究.结果表明:珠江口湾区建设用地主要通过占用农用地和林地不断扩张,其主要驱动力为人类活动;3个时期变化较活跃的类型分别为围垦滩涂、建设用地和养殖用地,且初期综合土地利用动态度值高于中期和后期;珠江口湾区西岸土地利用类型重心呈现向珠海靠拢趋势;建设用地整体重心受地理位置、发展模式、填海造地和政府决策影响,逐年向西岸迁移;围垦滩涂整体重心向东岸移动,珠江口湾区5市重心移动具有明显的向海和向水域特征;湾区填海扩张方式主要表现为港口、道路、自贸区、公园以及机场建设,其中深圳市发展模式更符合可持续发展需要.

The data of land use in the bay area of Pearl River estuary are based on the multi-source remote sense in three periods from 1990 to 2012. During these three time segments, temporal and spatial variations are studied by GIS software to calculate the dynamic index of each land use type. The results show that the construc- tion land of the bay area increase rapidly by occupying agriculture land and wood land, its main driving force be- ing human activities;during the time span, tidal flat, construction land and farm land are the highest dynamic types, and the first period is the most active period. In the west bank, the center of all land use types tend to transfer to the Pearl River. The reasons behind construction land center transition are the location, developing mode, land reclamation and government policy. The overall center of tidal flat moves to the east coast, while the city centers move significantly to the sea. The reclamation in the bay area are characterized by transformation to ports, roads, free trade areas, parks, airports, while the Shenzhen model is more in line with the needs of sus- tainable development.