摘要
人体在不同呼吸活动时产生的飞沫是室内微生物污染物的重要来源。通过文献调研的方法得到了人体飞沫的粒径范围,发现健康人和病人呼出的飞沫粒径范围近似相同,给出了飞沫传播的主要途径,重点讨论了人体飞沫在传播过程中随室内环境参数变化的蒸发、衰减等动力学特性,指出即使是10μm的飞沫,在温度为25℃、相对湿度为90%的情况下,蒸发也只是1.12s的转瞬即逝的过程。微生物气溶胶的存活能力与其种类和粒径有密切关系,粒径越小,存活时间越长。
The human droplet generated in different respiratory activities is the important sources of indoor microbial contaminants. We acquire the human droplet size range by means of literature research, finding that the droplet size range of health people and patients is approximately equal. And the main routes of droplet transmission are also given in this paper. Then we emphatically discuss the dynamic characteristics of human droplet vary with the change of indoor environment parameters, such as evaporation and attenuation. It can be concluded that the evaporation of even the 10~un droplet is only a 1.12s transient process, under the circumstance where the relative humidity is 90% and the temperature is 25~C. There is a close relationship between the survivability of microbial aerosol and its type and size. The smaller the particle size is, the longer the survival time is.
出处
《制冷与空调（四川）》
2016年第4期371-376,共6页
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51278506)
关键词
飞沫
飞沫传播
蒸发
衰减
droplet
droplet transmission
evaporation
attenuation
