综合体项目雷电灾害风险评估与防御对策

Risk Assessment of Building-Complex Lightning Hazards of and Corresponding Countermeasures

以某综合体项目为例,结合项目所处区域的雷电特征、设计图纸、现场勘测所得地质和地形数据等资料,采用《雷电防护风险管理》IEC62305-2的评估理论和方法,对其进行雷电灾害风险评估。分析得出综合体项目雷电灾害主要为人员生命损失风险和经济损失风险。同时,为提高综合体项目雷电灾害风险评估精准度,对某些特性因子及参数采用取平均数和面积加权的方法进行取值。通过分析计算得出:在直击雷及地电位均衡防护措施均较完善的情况下,其雷电灾害风险主要为因雷击电磁脉冲引起内部系统故障风险分量Rc(T)及RM(T)值偏高造成的经济损失风险。提出从电涌保护器的合理配置、屏蔽及合理布线等方面来降低综合体项目雷电灾害风险。

Based on the features of lightning,design drawings,and site survey data,the risk assessment is conducted for the case of a building-complex according to the theories and methods of the Risk Management of Lightning Protection IEC62305-2.It is concluded that the major lightening hazards of a building-complex are casualties and property losses.To improve the accuracy of the risk assessment,the methods of average number and area weighting factor are adopted to determine the values of some characteristic factors and parameters.By analysis and calculation,the results indicate that under the condition of direct lightning flashes and good protection measures of earthing and potential equalization,the major lightning hazard is property loss because of the high values of risk components of the inner system malfunction caused by the lightning strikes on the lightning electric pulse.Reasonable allocation,shielding and wiring of surge protectors are suggested to reduce lightning hazards of building complexes.