上海市中心城区典型河道水环境质量变化趋势分析

Trend Analysis of Typical Rivers' Water Quality in Downtown Shanghai

为了研究上海市中心城区典型河道的水环境质量变化趋势，基于2010-2014年上海市中心城区典型河道的水质监测数据，运用综合污染指数法、Danial趋势检验法等方法，从空间和时间两个方面对该区域的水环境质量变化趋势进行综合分析。研究结果发现，该区域东部（出境断面）的水质较西部（入境断面）有较明显的改善，水质由北部到中部，再由中部到南都呈现不同程度的好转趋势。各典型河道的主要污染负荷为氨氮，污染负荷在309／6～45％之间，总磷为次要污染物。与其他河道相比，关港的水质恶化趋势较为严重，氨氮、总磷和5日生化需氧量在该河道都出现显著恶化趋势。另外，高锰酸盐指数在春申塘出现了恶化显著上升的趋势，而5日生化需氧量在蒲汇塘和漕河泾港一龙华港都出现了显著下降好转的趋势。

To make clear of the water environment quality change trend of the typical river in downtown Shanghai, based on the water quality data from 2010 to 2014 of 7 typical rivers in downtown Shanghai, this study analyzed the variation trend of the main evaluation indices in 7 selected rivers with methods such as comprehensive pollution index（CPI）and Daniel trend test. Results showed that from west to east the concentrations of the main indices were decreased, while the indices decreased both from north to the middle part and from middle part to south as well. NH3-N was the dominant pollutant with the pollution load rate over 30%-45 %, and TP was the second pollutants. Compared with the others, the water quality of Guangang has a serious degradation trend, the concentration of the indices such as NH3-N, TP and BODs in there were increased significantly. In addition, permanganate index increased significantly in Chunshentang,while BOD5 decreased significantly in Puhuitang and Caohejinggang-Longhuagang.