天津某医院护理人员职业倦怠现状调查研究

Investigation on Occupational Burnout of nurses in a hospital of Tianjin

目的调查护理人员职业倦怠现状,分析探讨影响因素,寻找解决的方法与对策。方法采取有意抽样方法,对天津市第三中心医院全部现岗临床医疗科室的护理人员进行问卷调查。问卷采用国际通用的马斯勒倦怠量表——服务行业版。统计各问卷得分,建立Excel数据库,并采用SPSS 1 8.0软件包进行统计分析。结果根据职业倦怠测量的三个维度进行分析,在情感衰竭方面护理人员有48.35%的被试得分比较高;在去个性化方面,有43.41%的被试得分比较高;在成就感方面,有6 0.44%的被试得分比较低。年龄、学历、平均工作时间等变量不同,护理人员职业倦怠水平相应地存在差异。结论经过对职业倦怠产生原因进行深入探索,提出"合理配置卫生资源,加大财政投入,建立社会支持网络"、"推行‘以人为本’的现代人力资源管理模式,尝试引入员工援助计划(EAP)"和"积极开展心理疏导,提高个人综合素质和能力,坚定职业信仰,发扬职业奉献精神,增进护理人员自身对职业倦怠的抵抗力"等应对策略。

Objective To investigate the status of nurses＇job burnout, analyze the influencing factors of job burnout to find solutions and countermeasures. Methods In this study, we adopted the method of intentional sampling, conducted a questionnaire survey of nursing staff in Tianjin third central hospital. The questionnaire was made accordint to the International General Maslach burnout scale of service industry version. The statistics of the questionnaire scores, establish Excel database, and SPSS 18.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. Results In the three dimensions of job burnout survey, in the emotional exhaustion of nurses, 48.35% of the subjects had higher score; In terms of deindividuation, 43.41% of the subjects had higher score; In a sense of achievement, 60.44% of the subjects had low score. Age, education, working hours and other variables were different, and there was a difference in the level of job burnout among nurses. Conclusion Through the causes of job burnout were in-depth exploration, propose ＂To rational allocate health resources, increase financial investment, set up a social support network＂ were proposed. To implement ＂people-oriented＂ modern human resources management mode, try to introduce employee assistance plan （EAP） and some solutions, including active psychological counseling, improvement personal comprehensive quality and ability, strong professional belief, the professional dedication engagement, improvement of nursing staff resistance to job burnout, etc.