大气细颗粒物不同成分对A549细胞遗传毒性的影响

Effects of different fractions of air particulate matter on genotoxicity in A549 cell line

目的:研究大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)不同成分对人肺腺癌Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞(A549)遗传毒性的影响,探索PM2.5暴露的细胞毒性机制及发病机制,为开展河南地区PM2.5的健康危害评估提供实验依据。方法:于郑州市采集并处理PM2.5非水溶性成分和水溶性成分,分为PM2.5非水溶性和水溶性成分不同浓度(50、100、200、400、800 mg/L)染毒组和对照组,采用CCK-8比色法测量A549细胞在染毒后6、12、24、48和72 h的细胞存活率,微核实验检测各个浓度染毒24 h后细胞染色体损伤情况。结果:PM2.5非水溶性和水溶性成分均能抑制A549细胞增殖(P<0.05)。染毒24 h时800 mg/L的大气PM2.5非水溶性成分或染毒48 h时800 mg/L的大气PM2.5水溶性成分作用下细胞存活率最低。PM2.5非水溶性成分和水溶性成分均能诱导A549细胞染色体损伤,与对照组相比,实验组微核率明显升高(P<0.05),非水溶成分致细胞微核率较高(P<0.05)。结论:PM2.5能抑制A549细胞增殖,导致A549细胞染色体损伤。非水溶成分的影响可能更大。

Aim： To explore the effects of different fractions of air particulate matter（ PM2. 5） on genotoxicity in A549 cell line,to investigate the mechanism of cytotoxic and pathogenesis induced by particulate matter,and to provide experimental basis for the health hazard assessment of PM2. 5 in Henan. Methods： Water-insoluble fractions and water-soluble fractions of PM2. 5 were collected and processed in Zhengzhou. Then divided into PM2. 5（ 50,100,200,400,800 mg / L）group（ experimental groups） and control group. Finally the CCK-8 colorimetric method was used to measure the cytotoxicityin A549 cells after 6,12,24,48 and 72 h,while micronucli test was adopted to detect the chromosome damage after 24 h.Results： Both water-insoluble fractions and water-soluble fractions of PM2. 5 could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells（ P 0. 05）. And cell viability of A549 cells was the lowest after being treated by 800 mg/L PM2. 5 water-insoluble fractions for 24 h,and for 800 mg / L PM2. 5 water-soluble fractions treated for 48 h were lowest. Both water-insoluble fractions and water-soluble fractions of PM2. 5 could induce chromosome damage of A549 cells. The micronucleus rate of experimental groups was higher than that of control groups（ P 0. 05）. The micronucleus rate in A549 cells treated by water-soluble fractions was lower than that in A549 cells treated by water-insoluble fractions at the same concentration（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion： PM2. 5 could inhibit A549 cells proliferation,and result in chromosome damage; the water-insoluble fractions of PM2. 5 may have greater effects.