颈动脉内膜-中层增厚和斑块的相关危险因素分析

Analysis the correlation risk factors of patients with carotid plaque and intima-media thickness increase

目的 分析颈动脉粥样斑块和内膜-中膜（IMT）增厚的相关危险因素。方法选取2013年1月~2016年4月在本科住院的年龄≤75岁的患者216例,依据颈动脉超声检查分为颈动脉粥样斑块和（或）IMT增厚患者117例（颈动脉异常组）和颈动脉正常患者99例（正常对照组）,分析颈动脉粥样斑块和IMT增厚的相关危险因素。结果 与正常对照组比较,颈动脉异常组的年龄、肱动脉脉压（PP）、中心动脉收缩压（c SBP）、中心动脉脉压（c PP）、增强压（AP）和增强指数（AIx）显著升高（P〈0.05）;高血压、冠心病和糖尿病患病率显著增多（P〈0.05）。相关性分析显示,颈动脉粥样斑块和IMT增厚与年龄、c SBP、c PP、AP和AIx呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）,而与肱动脉血压则无明显的相关性。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、c PP和AP是颈动脉粥样斑块和IMT增厚的独立危险因素。结论 中心动脉压与颈动脉粥样斑块形成和IMT增厚具有显著的相关性。

Objective To analyze the correlation risk factors of patients with carotid plaque and intima-media thickness（IMT） increase. Methods Two hundred and sixteen patients who was ≤75 years and admitted in our department from January,2013 to April,2016 were enrolled this study. The enrolled subjects was divided into carotid plaque and IMT increase group（117cases） and carotid normal group（99 cases） by colored Doppler ultrasound detection. The correlations risk factors of carotid plaque and IMT increase were studied. Results Compared with the normal group of carotid,age,brachial artery pulse pressure（PP）,central aortic systolic pressure（c SBP）,central aortic pulse pressure（c PP）,augmentation pressure（AP） and augmentation index（AIx） of central aortic were significantly increased（P 0.01,or P 0.05）,incidence rates of hypertensive,coronary heart disease,and Diabetes mellitus were significantly increased in the carotid plaque and IMT increase group（P 0.01）. Pearson analysis showed that carotid plaque and IMT increasehad significant correlation with age,c SBP,c PP,APand AIx（P 0.01）,but no correlation with brachial artery blood pressure（P 0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that only age,c PP and AP were independent risk factors for carotid plaque and IMT increase. Conclusion Central aortic pressure is significantly correlation with carotid plaque and IMT increase.