油气井CO_2腐蚀及防控方法研究进展

Research Progress of CO_2 Corrosion and Prevention Methods in Oil and Gas Well

针对腐蚀环境这一最大不可控变量,探讨了CO_2分压、环境温度、pH值、含水率等因素对CO_2及超临界CO_2腐蚀的影响,并介绍了失重法、电化学方法和电感法等CO_2腐蚀评价方法。鉴于CO_2腐蚀产物膜的重要作用,详细阐述了腐蚀产物膜微观结构、力学性能对腐蚀的影响及研究方法。基于CO_2腐蚀环境影响因素、腐蚀机理及腐蚀评价方法,总结认为成膜型缓蚀剂能够隔绝油气井管具与CO_2等腐蚀环境接触,是行之有效的腐蚀防控方法,咪唑啉类抗高温复配型缓蚀剂是未来缓蚀剂研发的重要方向。

With environmental corrosion as the biggest uncontrollable variable,this paper discusses the effects of CO2 partial pressure,ambient temperature,p H value,moisture content and other factors on the corrosion of CO2 and supercritical CO2.The CO2 corrosion evaluation methods,such as weight loss method,electrochemical method and inductance method are also introduced.Because of the importance of CO2 corrosion product film,a detailed explanation is given to the effect of its microstructure,mechanical properties on corrosion and research methods.Based on CO2 corrosion environment influence factors,corrosion mechanism and evaluation methods,it is concluded that a membrane type corrosion inhibitor can isolate oil and gas well tube from CO2 corrosion environment,thus it is an effective method of corrosion prevention and control,and imidazoline anti high temperature mixed type inhibitor is an important direction for research.