零陵红衣葱葱油树脂的提取与分析

Study on the extraction and analysis of red onion oleoresin

以零陵红衣葱为原料,探讨不同萃取剂、料液比、时间、温度、提取次数对葱油树脂产品得率的影响,并通过气相色谱—质谱(GC-MS)对零陵红衣葱葱油树脂成分进行定性分析,用峰面积归一化法检测各化合物的相对百分含量。结果表明,零陵红衣葱葱油树脂最适提取工艺条件为:以石油醚为萃取剂,提取温度47℃、提取时间100 min、料液比1∶8、提取2次。在此条件下,零陵红衣葱葱油树脂的产品得率为0.638 4%。在零陵红衣葱葱油树脂样品中共检测出18种挥发性化合物成分,占其色谱流出总量的97.81%,其中,含硫化合物占3.83%,酸类占24.47%,酮类占2.71%,醇类占17.06%,酯类占10.81%,醛类占0.36%,包括二甲基二硫醚、1,3-二噻烷、己醇、二十烯醇、2-甲基-2-戊醇、3-羟基-2-丁酮、5,7-二甲基色酮-3-甲醛、棕榈酸、十八二烯酸、十八烯酸、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。

In the present study,Lingling red onion was taken as raw material. Different extraction solvents,solid- liquid ratio,reaction time,reaction temperature and extraction times were employed to examine the influences on ex-traction yield of oleoresin. The chemical constituents were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spec-trometry （ GC-MS）,and the relative contents in percentage of compounds were determined by peak area normaliza-tion method. It was shown that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows ： petroleum ether as extraction sol-vent ,reaction temperature of 47 ℃,reaction time of 100 min,solid-liquid ratio of 1： 8 and extraction times of twice. Under this conditions, the extraction rate could reach 0. 638 4% from 50 g Lingling red onion. A total of 18 volatile compounds were separated, and they accounted for 97. 81% of the total extractions, in which, sulfur-containing com-pounds were 3. 83% , acids were 24. 47% , ketones were 2. 71% , alcohols were 17. 06% , esters were 10. 81% and aldehydes were 0. 36% . The constituents included dimethyl disulfide, 1,3-dithiane, hexanol, gadoleyl alcohol, 2- methyl -2 -pentanol, 3 - hydroxy -2 -butanone ,5,7 -dimethylchromo ne -3 - carb oxalde hyde, palmitic acid, octadecadienoicacid, octadecenoate, dioctyl phthalate.