金融消费者适用惩罚性赔偿的探析

Study on the Application of Punitive Damages inFinancial Consumers

新《消法》将金融消费者纳入保护范围之内,然而在我国的司法审判中,对于金融消费者受金融机构的欺诈能否适用新《消法》第55条仍有疑虑。在适用惩罚性赔偿的案件中,法院将欺诈行为的证明责任分配给金融消费者,判决结果往往对消费者不利。文章首先分析金融消费者请求惩罚性赔偿的适格性问题,在此基础上对金融消费者诉讼中欺诈行为的证明责任、惩罚性赔偿的损害与因果关系的认定作进一步探析。笔者认为,我国新《消法》对于金融消费者的保护仍显不足,因此有制定专门金融消费者保护法之必要。

The new Consumer Protection Law has taken financial consumers into the scope of protection.However,in the administration of justice in our country,there are still doubts about whether financial consumers defrauded by the financial institutions can applyArticle 55 of Consumer Protection Law.In the case of applying punitive damages,it is unfair for consumers that the court will allocate the burden of proof of fraud to financial consumers.The article first analyzes eligibility issues about financial consumers who requests punitive damages.And then,the paper analyzes the proof of fraud,the damage of punitive damages and the causal relationship of the fraud in financial consumer litigation.The author believes that China's new consumer law for the financial consumer protection is still insufficient,therefore,it is necessary to enact specialized Financial Consumer Protection Law.