清末民初运河城市的公用事业——以临清水会为中心

Public Utilities of Canal Cities during Late Qing and Early Minguo——The case of Linqing Fire Organization

清末至民国是中国城市现代化发展的重要时期,然而,城市发展受到各种灾害的困扰,如火灾成为临清比较严重的城市灾害。关于清末民初临清城市的公用事业,尚未有专文进行研究。文章以清末民初临清消防组织—水会为个案,回顾临清城的火险灾情及其发生原因,详述水会组织及其具体运作,再现城市社会灾害应对机制和公用事业运作之情形,同时,对西方所谓的"市民社会"、"公共领域"等概念作简单回应。

Until tlie late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China is an importaernization. However urban development has been the invasion of various disasters,such as fires become more serious urban disasters.Taking Linqing fire organization as a case,the city fire disaster by reviewing its terms of reason,the fire ororganizations and their specific operation,the reproduction mechanism of urban social disaster resfonse situations and utilities opera-tions, and at tlie same time of western so-called “ civil society”,the “ public domain” concept for a simple response.