新一代材料扭转试验机的设计与应用

Design and application of new-generation torsion testing machine

介绍了一种全新设计的材料扭转试验机,主要采用了液压回转式夹具装夹试样,通过伺服电机—滚珠丝杆—传感器方式对长线材试样施加恒定的拉紧力,以及伺服电机—减速机构驱控夹头双向旋转,可针对Ф7 mm~Ф14 mm、2 000 MPa级长线材试样开展各类扭转以及低成本的慢速拉扭复合疲劳试验。基于对试样扭矩变化的实时跟踪,可实现0.000 5~30 r/min的变速扭转以及在扭矩陡降（即最大扭转塑性）瞬时临界采样,供后续试样内部组织与外表面形貌评价分析。

A kind of torsion testing machine in new design was introduced. The sample was fixed using hydraulic rotating clamps. The constant tensioning force could be applied to the long wire type sample by servo motor- ball screw-sensor. The clamps could be bidirectionally rotated via the driving and controlling with servo motor- reducing mechanism.Therefore,several kinds of torsion test and low-cost low-speed tension-torsion fatigue test for the long wire steel samples（ Ф7 mm- Ф14 mm,2 000 MPa） could be fulfilled upon the machine. By monitoring the change of torque in real time,the machine had the state-of-the-art capability of rotating with controllable and changeable speed from 0.000 5 to30 r/min as well as the instantaneous critical sampling when the torque decreased suddenly（i.e.,max torsional plasticity）. Hence,the internal structure and external surface morphology of sample could be analyzed subsequently.