2008年-2014年临汾市尧都区农村饮水安全工程水质卫生监测报告

Monitoring report of water hygiene on rural drinking water safety project during 2008-2014 in Yaodu district

目的系统地了解尧都区农村饮水安全工程水质卫生基本状况和变化趋势,为加强饮用水安全管理工作提供依据。方法采用分层随机的方式选取128个监测点,于枯水期和丰水期采集出厂水和（或）末梢水各1份,共采集428份水样。结果尧都区农村饮水安全工程水源以深井为主,供水未经处理;仅微生物指标检测显示枯水期水质好于丰水期,出厂水合格率优于末梢水;25个防病改水工程监测点的水氟含量全部达标;氟化物指标合格率呈线性下降趋势（r=0.858 7）;小型集中式供水水质优于单村供水,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=21.830,P〈0.01）;硫酸盐、总硬度、溶解性总固体两两变量之间的直线相关关系有统计学意义（r〉0.815,P〈0.001）。结论微生物污染为尧都区农改水污染的主要类型,实施饮用水消毒工作和兴建适度规模的跨村镇联片集中供水工程是改善农村饮用水卫生状况的有效措施。

Objective To systematically investigate the hygiene situation and change trends of drinking water in rural drinking water safety project of Yaodu district,so as to provide basis for strengthening the safety management of the drinking water.Methods 128 monitoring stations were selected with the method of stratified random;428 copies of water samples were collected from a finished water sample and a tap water sample at each monitoring site during the dry season and the wet season.Results The water was primarily deep well water in rural drinking water safety project of Yaodu,which didn＇t accept any treatment.The monitoring results showed that only the microbiological indicators during dry season was better than the wet period,and the qualified rate of finished water was better than tap water.The fluorine content in drinking water were all able to meet the standards in 25 monitoring sites of the defluoridaiton project.Fluoride qualification rate showed a downward trend（r=0.858 7）.The water quality of small centralized water supply was better than a single village water supply,with the differences statistically significant（χ^2= 21.830,P〈0.01）;the differences of linear relative coeficient among sulphates,total hardness,total dissolved solids were statistically significant（r〉0.815,P〈0.01）.Conclusion Microbial contamination is the main type of agricultural reform water pollution in Yaodu.Implementation of the rural drinking water disinfection work and the construction of moderate scale of centralized water supply project cross villages and towns are effective measures to improve rural drinking water hygiene condition.