电纺丝制备掺氮多孔炭纳米纤维布用作锂离子电池负极材料

Electrospun N-doped porous carbon nanofiber webs as anodes for lithium-ion batteries

选取聚丙烯腈和三聚氰胺为碳前驱体和氮前驱体,通过电纺丝和后续的炭化和水蒸气活化过程,制备了一种具有自支撑结构,无需任何导电剂和粘结剂,直接用作电极的用于锂离子电池负极的掺氮多孔炭纳米纤维布。结果表明,此多孔炭纳米纤维布具有无纺交联的纳米纤维形态、独特的微孔结构、较高的比容量(856 m Ah·g-1)和较好的功率性能,是一种非常有使用前景的锂离子电池负极材料。

Nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofiber webs（ NPCNFs） were prepared from mixtures of polyacrylonitrile and melamine byelectrospinning,followed by oxidative stabilization,carbonization and steam activation. The NPCNFs are free-standing,exhibit an interconnected non-woven nanofibrous morphology and a well-developed microporous structure,and can be used directly as anodes for lithium ion batteries without adding binder or conductive filler. The NPCNF from the mixture with a melamine / polyacrylonitrile mass ratio of 1∶ 3 has a high specific capacity of 856 mAh·g^（-1） and a satisfactory rate capability. These intriguing characteristics make the NPCNFs promising anode candidates for high-performance lithium ion batteries.