程序错误的形式化定义和程序容错能力的分级

Formal definition of program faults and hierarchy of program fault-tolerant abilities

针对程序失效相关概念的形式化定义和程序容错能力的分级,分析了程序缺陷、状态偏差以及程序失效等基本概念之间的差异,并在基于状态的程序行为理论的框架下,形式化定义了这些概念.从程序安全和活性的可满足性方面,给出了一个程序容错能力的分级方案,有助于相关概念的准确理解以及系统的对现有方法容错能力的区分.

Two issues were addressed：the formal definitions of the concepts relevant to program faults,and the comparison and classification of program fault-tolerant abilities.First,the subtle differences were analyzed between these basic concepts：faults,errors and failures,and represented their formal definitions by using the state-based theory of program behavior;then a hierarchy for software fault-tolerant abilities was proposed from the aspect of satisfying the safety and liveness properties.The main purpose of this work was to facilitate an accurate understanding of basic concepts and classifying fault-tolerant abilities of different approaches in a systematic way.