扰流风机对日光温室环境及番茄生长的影响

Effects of Air Circulator on Environmental Parameter and Tomato Growth in Solar Greenhouse

针对日光温室冬季生产环境密闭、缺少气流扰动的现状,开展了扰流风机日光温室应用效果研究。在测试扰流风机所形成的气流特性的基础上,进一步对连续扰流区域、间歇扰流区域与非扰流区域的温湿度环境以及番茄生长指标进行对比分析。结果表明,扰流风机能够对温室内空气产生有效扰动,风机下1.5m处0.15~0.50m·s^(-1)风速的覆盖范围可达73%;在正午高温时段(11:30~13:30),连续扰流能够使植株冠层空气温度降低3~4℃、相对湿度增加8%左右;在连续扰流作用下,番茄叶片净光合速率(Pn)提高31%、气孔导度(Gs)提高57%,有效促进了番茄生长。

Aiming at the status of air tightness and circulation insufficiency during winter season in solar greenhouse, this paper studies on the application effects of air circulator. On the bases of testing the airflow characteristics of air circulators, comparative tests were carried out on tomato （ Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ） growth characteristics and environmental parameters （ humidity and temperature ） with 2 disturbance treatments, continuous flow disturbance and intermittent flow disturbance, and no flow disturbance served as the control. The results showed that the fans could produce effective air circulation, the coverage represented 73%, where air velocity retained 0.15-0.50 m · s^-1 in the position of 1.5 m below the fans. During noon time （ 11： 30- 13：30 ）, when temperature was high, the continuous flow turbulence could decrease air temperature by 3-4℃ and increase relative humidity by about 8% in the position of plant canopy. Moreover, the continuous flow disturbance could also increase the net photosynthesis rate （ Pn ） of tomato leaves by 31%, stomatal conductance （ Gs ） by 57%, and thus effectively promoted tomato plant growth.