陆地土壤碳循环研究进展

Advances on Soil Organic Carbon Cycling Research in Terrestrial Ecosystem

[目的]对近年来国内外碳循环方面的研究进展进行综述,为退化土地的生态恢复及环境治理和保护提供依据。[方法]总结了当前土壤有机碳循环研究中的几种主要方法(室内培养法、同位素示踪法、碳循环模型和计算机模拟法等),分析对比了这几种方法的特点和存在的问题,并对土壤有机碳循环机理和影响土壤有机碳循环的主要因素进行分析。[结果]目前,在土壤有机碳库的估算方法、数据依据、结果以及土壤有机碳循环模型上存在较大差异,给土壤有机碳变化和循环研究带来一定的困难。土地利用方式和土地覆盖变化是影响陆地土壤有机碳变化及循环最直接的人为因子。[结论]应注重土地利用及覆被变化在土壤碳循环中的作用及地位。并建立适用于中国国情的碳循环模型。未来的土壤碳循环研究应探索标准化、高精度的有机碳库储量估算方法。

[Objective] The research progress of carbon cycling in domestic and abroad was reviewed to provide bases for the ecological restoration of degraded land and the environmental protection. [Methods] The paper summarized the main approaches of soil organic carbon cycling, including laboratory culture method, isotope tracer technique, modeling and computer simulation, etc., and their characteristics and existing problems were elucidated from several aspects. The mechanism of soil organic carbon cycle and the main factors affecting soil organic carbon cycle were analyzed. [Results] There are big differences between the estimation method, data base, results of soil organic carbon pool and model of soil organic carbon cycle, which often bring certain difficulties to study soil organic carbon cycle research. Changes in land use and land cover are the immediate anthropogenic factor, which affect terrestrial soil organic carbon changes and recycling. [Conclusion] In the future, we should pay attention to role of land use and land cover in soil carbon cycle and the status. And we need to set up model of soil carbon cycle for China＇s national conditions. The future soil carbon cycle research should explore the standard, high precision of organic carbon storage estimation method.