三层媒质中电偶极子的仿真

Simulation Analysis of Electric Dipoles in Three-Layer Medium Model

偶极子模型是进行水下电磁场建模的主要手段,研究其在海水中产生的场具有重要的实际意义。针对这个问题,利用镜像法,在空气-海水-海底三层模型下,在电磁场唯一性原理的基础上,通过矢量磁位方法分别推导了垂直和水平电偶极子在海水中产生的极低频电磁波的解析表达式。通过该方法推导电磁波表达式的过程更加简单,且各个分量有明确的物理意义。仿真结果表明:水平电偶极子的电场和磁场的所有分量场强均大于垂直电偶极子的分量;水平电偶极子在海深方向具有方向性,而垂直电偶极子没有方向性。这些有益的结论为进一步利用垂直/水平电偶极子进行极低频电磁波研究提供参考。

The dipole model in sea is the major measures in electromagnetic field, so it is practically important to study the fields in the sea generated by the dipole. In the three layers model of air - sea water - seafloor, the analytical expressions of ELF （extremely low frequency） EM （electromagnetic） wave produced by VED （vertical electric dipole） and HED （horizon- tal electric dipole） source located in seawater which had been derived in the space of seawater by using the mirror image theory according to the uniqueness theorem of electromagnetic field. The physical meaning was more apparent, and the de- rived formula was more convenient through this method. Simulation results showed that all the components of the HED the field intensity of electric and magnetic fields are greater than the VED. The HED had the directions in the sea deep, but not the VED. These conclusions provided references for the ELF EM wave studies by the HED and VED.