老年肺部感染患者的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis on distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in aged patients with pulmonary infection

目的了解老年肺部感染患者的病原菌分布及耐药性特点,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对我院2012-2014年呼吸内科老年肺部感染患者的痰标本培养阳性的病原菌及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果在2995株病原菌中,革兰氏阴性菌2 331株(77.8%),主要为鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌;革兰氏阳性菌624株(20.8%),真菌40株(1.3%)。革兰氏阴性菌对哌拉西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢曲松耐药率较高,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率较低。革兰氏阳性菌对青霉素耐药率较高,对替考拉宁、万古霉素、利奈唑胺的耐药率最低。结论老年肺部感染患者的病原菌以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,各菌群耐药性不同。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug monary infection, and to provide evidence for clinical rational resistance of pathogenic bacteria in aged patients with pul- use of antibiotics. Methods A retrospective analysis of the pathofenic bacteria and drug sensitivity on the sputum samples in the aged patients with pulmonary infection from 2012 to 2014 in respiratory department of our hospital was carried out. Results Among the 2 995 strains of pathogenic bacteria, 2 331 strains were gram negative bacteria, accounting for 77.8%, and they mainly were Bauman acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Others were 624 strains of gram positive bacteria, accounting for 20.8%, and 40 strains of fungal, accounting for 1.3%. Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to piperacillin, ampicillin/sulbaetam, ceftriax- one, and were lower resistant to cefoperazone/su]baetam. Gram-positive bacteria were highly resistant to penicillin, and were lower resistant to teicoplanin, vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion Gram-positive bacteria was the main pathogenic bacteria in aged patients with pulmonary infection, and the drug resistance was difference.