一种三段式悬架变刚度螺旋弹簧设计研究

Study on Design of a Three-Section Variable Stiffness Spring of Passive Suspension

根据悬架在不同工况下的载荷特点,设计了一款变刚度螺旋弹簧,可为汽车不同的行驶工况提供最适合的刚度。基于弹簧并圈理论,结合汽车空载、满载、超载三种工况,优化得变刚度螺旋弹簧刚度特性曲线,提出了三段式变刚度螺旋弹簧设计方法,并推导了弹簧中径和簧丝直径两个关键参数的关系式。运用CATIA建立了变刚度弹簧模型,分析了变形量和最大剪切应力,校核了弹簧强度。仿真分析结果表明,设计所得变刚度弹簧的两项平顺性指标优于原弹簧。

A ecording to the load characteristics of vehicle suspensions operating under different conditions, a kind of variable stiffness spring was designed,which can provide the most suitable stiffness for the vehicles under different load cases. Based on suspension characteristics under pre-load, full-load and over-load, a new design method of three-section variable stiffness spring was proposed. In addition,an important relation.ship between the mean diameter and the wire diameter was derived. By use of CATIA, the variable stiffness springwas modeled, the deformation and the maximum shear stresswereanalyzed, andthe fatigue strength of the spring was checked. The simulation results showed that the ride comfort performance of the designed spring was better than that of initial spring.