重庆市大学生艾滋病知识知晓与需求调查研究

A survey on the AIDS-related knowledge and needs for health education of college students in Chongqing city

目的了解重庆市大学生艾滋病知识的知晓情况、艾滋病健康教育的需求情况,为更有效地开展高校艾滋病防控提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的问卷,选择具有代表性的4所高校进行调查,采用Epi Ddata3.0进行数据转化,所得数据用SPSS17.0进行统计学分析。结果重庆市大学生艾滋病基础知识的总体知晓率为71.3%。不同年级、年龄、性别、专业、来源地、婚姻状态之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),师范类艾滋病知识知晓率明显高于综合类、理工类(P<0.05),但与医学类相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。获得艾滋病相关知识途径依次为网络(69.9%)、电视广播杂志(64.9%)、学校课程(38.0%)。希望获得的艾滋病教育知识排在前3位的依次为如何识别感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的高危行为(83.9%)、预防艾滋病和性病的方法措施(83.1%)、性与生殖健康知识(79.8%)。希望接受教育的方式依次为选修课程(66.2%)、专题讲座(65.9%)、参观展览(55.8%)、社会实践(54.3%)。结论重庆市大学生对艾滋病知识知晓率不高,对艾滋病高危行为的了解认识明显不足,对从学校课堂获取艾滋病防控知识态度积极,学校防控艾滋病健康教育亟待加强。

Objective To investigate the AIDS-related knowledge and needs for health education of college students in Chongqing city,and to provide the references for more effective AIDS prevention and control in colleges. Methods By choosing 4 typical colleges,a questionnaire survey was conducted. All data were inputted with Epi Ddata3.0 and analyzed with SPSS 17.0. Re- salts The total AIDS-related basic knowledge ratio of the college students of Chongqing was 71.3%. Although no significant difference was found among various grades,ages, majors, birth places, and marriage statuses within the same university, there was remarkable difference among different universities. The AIDS-related knowledge ratio of the normal college students was obviously higher than the one of the compressive or polytechnic college students （P〉0.05） ,The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge in Nor- mal University was significantly higher than that in general, science and engineering（P〈0.05）, but compared with the medical class, the difference was not statistically significant（P〉0.05）. With respective to high risk conducts of AIDS,the acknowledge rati- os for male-male sex, multi-sex, and drugs were 59.1 %, 78.5 %, and 73.1% respectively. The usual ways of obtaining AIDS knowl- edge in sequence were the Internet（69.9%） ,public media（TV,radio,and magazine,64.9%） ,and school courses（38.0%）. The de- sired top three of AIDS-related information were the ways of knowing the high-risk conducts （83.9 %）,methods of preventing the sexual infection （83.10~） ,and the sexual and reproductive health education （79. 8%） ,respectively. The desired top ways of obtai- ning the AIDS-related knowledge were elective courses （66.2%）, seminars （65.9%）, exhibitions （55.8%）, and social activities （54.3 %）. Conclusion The acknowledge ratios of the AIDS-related knowledge for the college students of Chongqing is not high, es- pecially for the high-risk sexual conducts of AIDS. The attitude to obtaining the AIDS-related knowledge through school courses is active,the health education of school AIDS prevention and control should be strengthened.