超大城市气象观测网的设计与应用

The Design and Application of Meteorological Observation Network in Megacities

城市化通过改变自然状态和人类活动对天气气候产生重大影响,同时由于城市化带来的生产、生活活动的密集性,气象灾害对其造成的影响更为集中且严重。建立一个以气象为核心的科学、全面、智能的综合观测网是保障城市安全和智能化、个性化的气象服务的有力支撑。从城市观测的国内外进展、需求、布局的科学性、新设备的应用、大数据背景下的数据应用和服务等方面给出了超大城市(城市群)综合观测网的建设思路。

Urbanization has exerted the significant impact on the weather and climate in the process of human activities to change the conditions of natural environment. The effect of meteorological disasters becomes much denser and more severe due to higher intensity of economic production and human habitation and activities in the mega-city areas. So that, It is urgently to build a science based and service driven observation network to support the seamless data processing, impact based forecasting and to serve further the safety of people＇s life and property in mega cities. This work discusses a conceptual design and possible application about building an integrated meteorological observation network in megacity based on the achievements of science and technology. It includes the application of variety of sensors, deployment for monitoring high impact and high relevant factors, the application for integration technology and the applications of ‘big data＇ and its associated data sourcing.