越冬盖与不盖膜条件下“蓝败”与“蓝矮败”两个小麦不育系的生育期与农艺性状比较

Comparison of Growth Period and Agronomic Characters between Male-Sterile and Dwarf Male-Sterile Wheat Lines with a Blue Seed Marker under Film Mulching or Not in Overwintering Period

对越冬盖膜与不盖膜条件下"蓝败"、"蓝矮败"小麦不育系及其共同回交亲本进行了生育期及农艺性状的比较研究。结果表明,"蓝矮败"抽穗迟、开颖晚,常规栽培下与回交父本花期不遇,必须地膜覆盖才能花期相遇,且其群体小,制种产量相对较低;"蓝败"抽穗期、开花期均与回交父本相近,花期自然相遇,结实率高,制种产量与回交父本相当,是一个极具发展前景的不育系,有助于推动杂交小麦种植迈向市场化。

The growth period and agronomic characters of the male-sterile and dwarf male-sterile wheat lines with a blue seed marker and their common backcross male parent were comparatively analyzed under the conditions of film mulching or not in overwintering period.The results showed that the dwarf male-sterile wheat line with a blue seed marker owned delayed heading stage and late glume-opening,which leading to the flowering asynchronism with its backcross male parent under conventional cultivation,thus it must be covered with plastic film to keep the flowering period match.Besides,the population of dwarf male-sterile wheat line with a blue seed marker was small,which caused the yield of seed production relatively lower.The male-sterile wheat line with a blue seed marker was same or similar with its backcross male parent in heading and flowering periods,so their flowering phase naturally matched.Its seed setting rate was high,and its yield was equivalent to that of its backcross male parent.Therefore,the male-sterile wheat line with a blue seed marker was a very promising wheat male-sterile line,which was benefit for promoting the marketization of hy-brid wheat.