汉魏六朝咏琴文学的艺术学解读

Artistic Interpretation of Guqin- themed Literature in the Han- Wei Period and Six Dynasties

咏琴文学是指专门咏琴的文学作品,而不包括为琴曲所撰写的歌辞以及琴学著作。据现存文献来看,真正以琴作为歌咏对象的文学作品至迟在西汉就已出现。从内容来看,汉魏六朝时期的咏琴文学作品大致可以分为两大类:一类是歌咏作为具体的"物"的琴,属于咏物文学;一类是描写弹琴、听琴等表演或欣赏之类的艺术活动。这些作品不仅是中国古典文学的珍贵遗产,也是中国古代琴文化的重要组成部分,有着丰富的艺术思想内涵,属于重要的艺术文献。用今天的学科分类标准来看,汉魏六朝咏琴文学中所体现的艺术思想涉及设计艺术学、文学和音乐学等多个学科。从艺术学的角度看,这些作品让我们了解到当时文人是如何认识古琴与古琴艺术的,可以看出时代生活与艺术接受之间的关系,从而对传统琴文化有更加全面的了解。

Guqin- themed literature is exclusively referred to literature that eulogizes Guqin （or Chinese zither）, not including lyrics for Guqin music or academic works of Guqin. According to existing literature, literary works that actually took Guqin as the object of praise appeared in the Western Han Dynasty at the latest. From the content point of view, Guqin -themed literature in the Han -Wei Period and Six Dynasties can be broadly divided into two categories： one is praising the real ＂object＂, the Guqin instrument; one is describing the music activities--playing and listening Guqin, or the performance and appreciation of Guqin. These works are not only a precious legacy of Chinese classical literature, but also an important part of ancient Chinese zither culture; they are important academic literature of art with rich artistic thoughts and content. Examined with today＇ s discipline classification standard, the artistic thoughts reflected in the Guqin - themed literature in the Han - Wei Period and Six Dynasties are related with design art, literature and mu- sicology. From the perspective of art theory, these works enables us to know how the literati at that time un- derstood Guqin and the art of Guqin, see the relationship between living of an age and people＇ s acceptance of art, and thus have a more comprehensive understanding of traditional Chinese zither culture.