晚明戏曲演出活动对通俗版画创作的影响

The Influence of Opera Performance on the Creation of Popular Woodblock Prints in the Late Ming Dynasty

晚明戏曲演出的兴盛促进了戏曲刊本的流行。特别是私人家班成为演出主流之后,文人士大夫对戏曲演员姿色的要求,对才艺的欣赏,对气质风度的推重,对演出场地的选择,对舞台表演的审美要求等演剧活动中所讲求的雅致趣味,对万历时期作为戏曲插图的版画艺术产生了很大影响。版画风格也由万历早期的富有民间趣味,的粗犷厚重转向中期的精细雅丽,主要表现为版画线条工整细腻、人物端庄优雅、场景富丽奢华,极富文人趣味。其中尤以万历二十五年(1597)徽州书商汪光华玩虎轩刊《元本出像琵琶记》最为典型。

Flourished in the late Ming Dynasty, the opera performances promoted the popularity of opera - themed woodblock prints. What＇s more, after private opera troupes became the mainstream form of show, the woodblock prints underwent a series of great transformations in Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. As a wood- cut art style, it must keep with times in order to meet the audience＇s needs, gentlemen and celebrities in parti- cular had higher demands for performers＇ talents, skills, tastes, spiritual temperament and their appearances, for spatial and luxurious performing settings, and for artistic satisfaction, ect. Under such influence, great changes in woodblock- prints style took place： the folk roughness and coarseness in the earlier Wanli period turned into the fineness, delicacy and rich scholarly tastes of mid -Wanli period： the lines are fine and deli- cate; characters are graceful and settings are luxurious and magnificent. One of the most typical cases that bear such style is Pipaji, edited by Wang Guanghua＇s Wanhuxuan bookshop in Huizhou city in1597