收入不公平感、社会保险与中国国民幸福

Income Distribution Unfairness,Social Insurance and Happiness of the Chinese

使用CGSS混合横截面数据的实证结果表明,收入不公平感上升一个等级,被访者幸福感平均下降8.4%;社会保险同幸福感显著正相关,没有医疗保险或养老保险的幸福感会显著更低4.84%和4.64%。二者交互项回归结果显示没有社会保险会进一步加剧被访者的收入不公平感,进而降低其幸福感。相对收入每提高一个单位,幸福感平均提高5.32%。绝对收入对幸福感仍有显著影响,二者之间呈倒U型关系。对国民幸福感的影响大小依次为收入不公平感、相对收入和绝对收入,表明我国民众"不患寡,患不均,更患不公"。

Using pooled cross - sectional data from China General Society Survey, the empirical results demonstrate that income distribution unfairness will significantly reduce the happiness of respondents by 8.4%. Without medical insurance or old age insurance would reduce the happiness by 4. 84% and 4. 64% respectively. Social insurance is an important factor contributing to China＇s income distribution unfair. The respondents＇ happiness will grow 5. 32% while their social economic status rise up one unit. The absolute income still has a significant effect and a conversed U - style relationship with happiness. Compared by their coefficients and significances, the income distribution unfair has the largest effect on happiness, the second is relative income, and the last is absolute income. These results indicate that the Chinese worries much less about income, while more about income distribution inequality and most against income distribution unfairness.