Lakoff隐喻观下意义建构的涉身层级分析

Embodied Level Analysis of Meaning Construction under Lakoff's Viewpoints of Metaphors

Lakoff涉身隐喻的意义理论将人类原初、自然的进化和涉身状态置于意义建构的核心位置,颠覆了传统意义理论先验、客观的基础哲学预设,化解了传统意义理论所面临的认知困境,为意义理论的发展开辟了新的进路。以认知科学实验成果为依据,Lakoff意义建构的认知进程可以被适当地分为生理-知觉层、知觉-心理层和心理-文化层三个涉身层级。人类涉身层级在与外部世界互动过程中的不同功能以及层级间的关系共同建构出来的意义处于进化之中,是自然的、真正的意义,它具有受限性与共享性,多样性与融贯性。由此,对传统意义理论进行涉身重构的合理性与创造性从科学实验和涉身经验的角度得到证明。

Lakoff＇ s embodied and metaphorical meaning theory places the original, natural state of human＇ s evolution and embodiment at the heart of the meaning construction. It overturns the transcendental and objective underlying philosophical assumptions of traditional meaning theories, resolves the cognitive difficulties faced by the traditional meaning theories, and opens up a new approach for the development of meaning theories. Based on the experimental results of cognitive science, the cognitive processes of Lakoff＇ s meaning construction can be appropriately divided into three embodied levels, namely physiological-perceptual level, perceptual-psychological level, and psychological-cultural level, in the process of interac- tion with the outside world, both the different functions of human＇ s embodied levels and the relationships between the levels jointly construct the natural, evolutionary and real meaning. Meaning is limitied and shared, and it takes possession of the properties of variety and coherence. Thus, the reasonability and creativity of embodied reconstruction to the traditional meaning theories are confirmed from the perspectives of scientific experiments and embodied experiences.