非洲国内冲突管理中的族群、国家与地区

Ethnicity,State and Region in African Domestic Conflict Management

非洲国内冲突管理一直是困扰非洲大陆诸国的难题。本文从非洲冲突管理中的族群、国家与地区三个本土层面,分析考察非洲国家的冲突管理问题。首先,族群不仅仅是诱发非洲多数国内冲突爆发的关键角色,同时还在非洲各国内部扮演着权力分配的功能,为不同利益诉求的表达提供了渠道。其次,非洲的国家虽然被强行拉入现代国家的行列,划定了现代国家的边界,但却一直未能摆脱其族群特征,其对国内其他族群的政策亦表现为时而排斥时而妥协,可以说,非洲国家徘徊在传统与现代之间,是二者相互妥协的结果。最后,鉴于非洲国家边界的脆弱性以及族群的多样性特征,非洲的地区成为分析非洲国内冲突的新维度,以地区的视角来分析非洲国内冲突管理问题,不但可以确保本地因素被赋予适当的权重,而且能够有效地抵制对非洲以外的势力的过分强调。

African domestic conflict management has always been a problem in Africa States. This paper analyses conflict management of African states from three local levels ： ethnicity, states and region. First, ethnic groups is not only the key role in inducing most domestic conflict of African states, but also the distribution tools of power and interests within African states, it provide a channel for the expression of different interest demands. Second, although African states ware forced in- to modern states and drew the boundary of modern state, they have not been able to get rid of its ethnic characteristics; their ethnic policy in domestic is alternately rejection and compromise. It can be said that African states hovered between traditions and modernity; it is the result of the compromise between the two. Finally, in view of the African States＇ charac- teristics of border＇ s vulnerability and ethnic diversity, African region become a new analysis dimension of Africa civil con- flicts, analyzing African civil conflict management issues in a regional perspective is helpful to ensure that local factors are endowed with the appropriate weights, it also can help us to resist effectively the overemphasis on the influence of outside forces.