论陶渊明儒者人格的生成及效用——南宋理学家对陶渊明儒者人格的认同及影响

Occurrence and Influence of Tao Yuanming's Personality as a Confucian——Viewed by Neo-confucian in the Dynasty of South-Song

陶渊明本来是晋宋间隐居田园的文人。南宋的理学家根据时代的需要,选择其部分诗文进行了创造性的诠释,给他的隐居不仕的节操附加上了儒家的道义,从而生成了陶渊明的儒者人格——作为儒者,可以隐居不仕,但隐居不仕必须依儒家的道义为根本理据。这种儒者人格的生成对后世的士人产生了广泛而深远的影响,即士人可以名正言顺地以陶渊明为榜样来效仿他的田园隐居。士人们在效仿陶渊明的儒者人格的同时,又不断完善了这种儒者人格,并进一步推广了它的影响。

Tao Yuanming , who was living between the Dynasty of Jin and Song, and dwell himself in native place in seclu- sion, is famous as a writer of literature articles. However, it was Neo-confucian in the Dynasty of South-Song who consid- ered him as a Confucian based on the creative interpretation of his partial poetry. Those interpretation especially focused his action of solitary on the conceptual explanation from the Confucianism , which widely deepened the impact on the successors to imitate this pattern of behavior. The more identification and improvement of this kinds of Confucian personality, the more popular of its spread.