方阵与古希腊民主

Squares and Ancient Greek Democracy

公元前12世纪多利安人南下,毁灭了迈锡尼文明,贵族战车淡出历史舞台。荷马时代民众自制装备,进行自卫活动。古风时代,随着经济的新发展、军事装备的革新,重装步兵和方阵出现。方阵的出现,不仅引起了社会阶层力量对比的变化,动摇了贵族统治地位,更重要的是孕育出极为重要的民主价值观。由此可见,方阵是古希腊民主出现的充分有效前提。

In 12 BC, Dorians went south and destroyed the Mycenaean civilization. As a result, aristocratic chariot fade out of the stage of history. Homeric people equipped with homemade weapons, defended themselves. In the Archaic era, with new economic development and military equipment innovation, heavy infantry and squares appeared. The emergence of squares, not only changed the power of social hierarchy, but also shook the dominance of the aristocracy. More importantly, it gave birth to democratic values. Thus, the square is a prerequisite for ancient Greek democracy.