基于Hilbert-Huang变换的列车车轮失圆故障诊断

The Fault Diagnosis Method of Railway Out-of-Round Wheels Using Hilbert-Huang Transform

研究列车车轮失圆的检测与诊断问题,采用基于改进的希尔伯特-黄变换(Hilbert-Huang transform,简称HHT)的处理方法,首先,针对HHT方法固有的模态混叠现象,提出一种形态滤波-能量原则算法;然后,建立车辆轨道耦合动力学模型和典型的车轮故障模型,计算轴箱垂向振动的动态响应;最后,运用改进的HHT分析方法提取正常车轮、多边形化车轮和擦伤车轮引起的轴箱垂向振动的特征。研究结果表明,正常车轮与故障车轮之间以及不同类型故障的车轮之间Hilbert谱差异显著,可见该方法能够有效诊断车轮失圆故障。

In order to study the detection and diagnosis problem of railway out-of-round wheels,a method based on improved Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT)was utilized.First,in light of the mode mixing phenomenon of HHT,a novel morphology filtering and energy principle algorithm was put forward to eliminate mode mixing.Then,the vehicle track coupling dynamics model and representative wheel fault models were set up to calculate the vertical vibration dynamic response of the axle box.Finally,the axle box vertical vibration characteristic induced by a normal wheel,polygonal wheel and flat wheel were studied with revised HHT.The research results show that there was a significant difference in the Hilbert spectrum between healthy wheels and fault wheels,as well as fault wheels with different fault types.This method can thus effectively diagnose faults of out-of-round wheels.