汶上芦花鸡保种群体一对等位基因遗传漂变的计算机模拟

Computer Simulation of A Single Biallelic Loci Genetic Drift in Conserved Population of Wenshang Barred Chicken

小群保种是我国家禽遗传资源保护的一种重要方式。在假定汶上芦花鸡保种群体不发生基因突变的情况下,群体内实行家系等量随机留种,采用计算机模拟方法研究一对等位基因(PRL基因)在群体内的实际频率和假设不同基因频率、不同群体规模保种群体内一对等位基因座位的遗传漂变。模拟试验共进行了800个世代。结果表明:汶上芦花鸡保种群体(群体实际有效含量为102)20世代后等位基因的丢失或固定率达5.34%。在假设群体中,群体规模越大,基因由于随机遗传漂变而发生丢失或固定的概率也越低。群体规模太小以及基因的初始频率过低或过高,均会增加基因丢失或固定的风险。

It was an important way by a small group to conserve poultry genetic resources in China. Computer simulation was used to study the genetic drift of alleles gene（PRLgene） in the population actual frequency and the genetic drift of a single biallelic loci assuming different gene frequencies and a closed population of different population sizes, based on the assumption that there was no gene mutation in Wenshang barred chicken conservation population. Random selection and mating were implemented in all generations, the generation was non-overlapping and the number of breeding chicken was kept equal in each generation. The simulation experiment was carried out for 800 generations. The results showed that the loss or fixation rate of allele was 5.34% after 20 generations in Wenshang barred chicken group（group real effective content of 102）. In assumed group, the lower probability of gene loss or fixation resulted from random genetic drift were gained for larger size population. The risk of gene loss or fixation would be increased for smaller population size, lower or higher initial gene frequency.