淡水鱼体质量在线检测及分级系统的设计与试验

Designing a system of online weight detection and weight classification for freshwater fish

设计一种用于淡水鱼体质量在线检测并按质量进行分级的系统，采用电子称质量的方式对鱼体进行质量在线检测并分级。该系统工作原理：当淡水鱼输送到称质量装置时，鱼体在称质量输送机上移动，质量传感器采集鱼体的质量信号，经调理电路处理后传送控制芯片进行储存、分析，计算鱼体的质量及等级；鱼体进入分级段鱼体输送机后，光电传感器将检测到的鱼体位置信号传送至控制芯片，控制系统根据鱼体质量等级以及鱼体位置触发分拨机构工作并执行鱼体分级操作。采用不同质量的砝码组对系统称质量装置的称量准确性进行验证。结果表明：当称质量输送机的运行速度设置为0．16～0．24m／s时，称质量系统的误差范围小于±0．73％；通过试验对系统的分级速率和分级正确率进行验证，当称质量输送机速率设定为0．20m／s，分级装置鱼体输送机速度设定为0．20～0．25m／s时，系统对质量范围为300～3000g的淡水鱼鱼体设置分为4级，平均分级速率可达到26条／min，分级正确率为98％以上。

A system of online weight detection and weight classification for freshwater fish was de- signed. The system detected the fish weight with an electronic weighing module. Weight signal of fish body was collected by the pressure sensors when the fish reached weighting area. The signal was sent to the control chip for storage and analysis after processed by the conditioning circuit. After figuring out the weight of the fish, the control chip iudged the weight grade of the fish and sent the grade information to the fish distribution mechanism for distribution. The photoelectric sensors sent location information to the control chip after the fish reached the sensors installed on the fish conveyor. The controlling system allocated corresponding mechanisms to finish distribution depending on the weight grade and location in- formation. Different weight sets were used to test the accuracy of the weighting device. The results showed that the weighting error was between ±0. 73% when the weighting speed was between 0. 16 m/s and 0. 24 m/s. Results of performance test showed that the system can process 26 fish per minute with the classification accuracy of more than 98%. The weighing speed was 0. 20 m/s. The distribution speed was between 0. 20 m/s to 0. 25 m/s. The fishes weighed between 300 g to 3 000 g were divided into 4 classes.