村民自治与公共品供给的权利义务均衡机制——以Z县G乡L村为个案

The Balance Mechanism of Rights and Obligations between Villagers Autonomy and Public Goods Supply: Taking Z Village L,Township G,County Z as a Case

项目资源的输入可以有效激活以自然村为基础的村民自治实践。在资源输入和公共品供给过程中,通过公共品成本分摊方案的民主协商,达成了"谁投资谁受益"的成本分摊和权利义务均衡的共识,这种村民自主达成的不成文的规定,就成为村民开展自主治理的非正式规则。在尊重村民公共品需求偏好的基础上,动员村落社会力量解决项目落地过程中的利益纠纷,发挥村民在项目规划设计、方案协商和治理少数不合作者方面的主体性,项目资源激活了熟人社会的地方性规则和自治主体的力量,这种非正式规则和非正式权力的运作,重塑了村民的自治能力。

The project resources can effectively activate villagers' autonomy practice based on natural villages.During the process of resources inputting and the supply of public goods,the villager reached a consensus about ‘who invests,benefits' —an internal cost- sharing and balance between rights and obligations through the democratic consultation of public goods cost- sharing schemes. This unwritten rule was agreed on by villagers themselves,becoming an informal rule of autonomous governance. On the basis of respecting for public goods demand preferences of villagers,the resources of the village community should be mobilized to solve conflicts of interests in the process of the project entering,and the role of villagers subjectivity in project planning and designing,program consultation and governance of few non- cooperators should be given a full play. Project resources help activate the local rules in the society of acquaintances and the power of self- governance body. It is the operation of those informal rules and informal power that reshape the autonomy competence of the villagers.