主体功能区划中限制开发生态区的细分方法——以宁夏回族自治区为例

Theory and application of the main functional subdivision of limited development ecological zones

限制开发生态区是主体功能区划中介于优先开发区和禁止开发区间的一大类生态区,在实际管理中往往存在区域范围大、实施操作困难等问题,因此非常必要对限制开发生态区进行细化。在总结现有县域尺度主体功能区划研究方法基础上,构建了细分限制开发生态区的生态保护导向和生态优先原则,提出了利用综合指数法和景观指数法分别细化限制开发生态区,二者细化结果叠加后,通过专家系统和政策需求修正,形成了限制开发生态区四类区域单元:禁止开发区、强限制开发区、中限制开发区和弱限制开发区,作为现有主体功能区划方法的补充,从更为微观的尺度反映了主体功能的差异和发展潜力,促进主体功能区划方案的进一步推广和实施。并以宁夏回族自治区的限制开发生态区为案例进行了研究,取得了较好的细分结果。

The limited development zone as a type of main functional area whose ecological carrying capacity is weak,but has a serious effect on the entire country or the ecological security of large areas.Spatial development-oriented threedimensional magic cube map,which reflects the results of the regional main features division,the main functions do not exclude other non-dominant functions,but it does not mean that the entire territory of the limited zones has limited development.The moderate development areas have better resources and environmental conditions and can be developed in eco-point protection on a priority basis.The limited development areas are minority-inhabited areas with poor economic development.Therefore,massive industrialization and urbanization are limited in these areas,and some measures,such as corresponding financial transfers and ecological compensation,are implemented to maximize the ecological functions.Limited development does not mean prohibited development,it indicates that only the level and intensity of development is restricted.To enhance the targeted goals and operability of the development and protection policy implementation in the limited developing ecological zones,we studied the main functional identification and subdivisions below the level of county,and constructed the theoretical basis and principles of subdivision of limited developing zones,based on the existing main functional subdivision methods.We proposed the guidelines for the ＇Multi-channel integration,ecological priority＇,in the township administrative region range for subdividing units,and applied the comprehensive index for evaluation,＇D Rubiks Cube＇ method for limited level divisions,that formed scheme Ⅰ.We applied the landscape ecology method,through remote sensing image information extraction and analysis,that formed scheme Ⅱ.According to the comprehensive correction principle,scheme Ⅰ and Ⅱ are integrated,and through expert advice and policy it is amended and combined with the actual study area,thereby forming the final scheme of the main functional subdivision of limited developing zones.The main functional areas are divided into four levels,prohibited development zone,strong limited development zone,development zone,and weak limited development zone.A case study on the limited development zone in Ningxia shows that：1）applying two methods independently and comparing them can improve the feasibility of the solution.It is a new idea and has strong popularization.2） Some townships are influenced by the resource development and regional macroeconomic policy orientation;therefore,adjustments must be done under the expert advice and policy requirements.3） Even for the smaller functional zones,there are large differences in the internal development status,development potential,and ecological environmental bearing capacity;thus,protection and development of transitional space and configuration is highly essential.4） On the basis of carding the related studies,this paper employs the regional differentiation theory,spatial structure theory,man4 and relationship theory,the theory of sustainable development,ecological and economic theory,landscape ecology theory as the theoretical basis for the subdivision and regional development of the limited development areas.5）Segmentation was conducted on the basis of the method of landscape pattern,which took into consideration only the current natural environmental conditions but did not consider the region＇s future development potential.In addition,the existing ecological conditions of these areas are poor;however,with the improvement in conditions,these areas can be transformed to moderate development.Therefore,time series analysis multi-way segment after stack can improve the results of scientific nature further.