从经典文献看资本主义的发展阶段——基于马克思、凯恩斯和马尔库塞著作的文献梳理

Look from Classical Literature of Capitalism's Developmental Stage——Based on Books of Marx, Keynes and Marcuse

对资本主义发展阶段的探讨已经持续了100多年,并将继续进行下去。文章用经典文献解读的方式对资本主义的三个发展阶段做了分析,认为马克思在《共产党宣言》中论述了自由放任的资本主义阶段的特点和发展趋势;凯恩斯的《就业、利息和货币通论》推动了国家干预资本主义的历史时期,然而国家干预政策的本质是"寅吃卯粮",并没有解决资本主义社会的根本矛盾;马尔库塞在《单向度的人》中所揭示的发达工业社会普遍存在的"虚假需求"和"有物质,没幸福"等新特点,对于资本主义发展阶段的研究具有非常重大的意义。

The discussing of Capitalism＇ s developmental stage has lasted more than 100 years.The article analyzes three developmental stages of Capitalism by the way of reading classic books.In The Communist Manifesto,Marx explained the feature and development tread of Laissez-faire capitalism stage.The General Theory of Employment,Interest and Money,Keynes＇ s most famous works,promoted State intervention stage of capitalism,the nature of which is leaving beyond.In One Dimensional Man,Marcuse thought that false needs had flooded the developed industrial society and there is matter not happy in this society,which has great significance.