家庭照顾者照顾负担及生存质量与老人失能程度的相关性研究

Correlation study between care burden and quality of life of family caregivers and disability degree of elderly

[目的]探析老人失能程度对家庭照顾者照顾负担及生存质量的影响。[方法]采用Barthel指数评定量表（BI）、Zarit护理负担量表（ZBI）和健康调查简表（SF-36）对135例失能老人及其家庭照顾者进行评估。根据BI得分将失能老人分为轻度失能组（41分~60分）42例、中度失能组（21分~40分）55例和重度失能组（0分~20分）38例。对3组失能老人家庭照顾者照顾负担和生存质量进行调查,并对ZBI得分、SF-36得分与BI得分进行相关性分析。[结果]3组照顾者ZBI总分及个人负担、责任负担得分比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;3组SF-36量表中生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、活力得分比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;BI得分与SF-36量表各维度得分均呈正相关（P〈0.01）,与ZBI总分及其维度得分均呈负相关（P〈0.01）。[结论]家庭照顾者照顾负担及生存质量与老人失能程度具有密切关系,对失能程度重的老人,医护人员应需同步评估老人及其家庭照顾者的照顾负担和生存质量状况,采取针对性的措施减轻照顾负担,提高家庭照顾功能和照顾者的生活质量。

Objective：To investigate and analyze the influence of disability degree of elder quality of life of family caregivers. Methods：A total of 135 disabled elderly and their faro the assessment by using the Barthel Index Rating Scale（BI）, Zarit Burden Interview（ZBI） [y on care burden and ily caregivers received and the Mos 36 -Item Short Form Healeh Survey（SF- 36）. According to the BI scores,the disabled elderly were divided into the mild disability group（41 to 60 points） with 42 cases,moderate disability group（21 to 40 points） with 55 cases and severe disability group（0 to 20 points） with 38 cases. The care burden and quality of life of family earegivers of disabled elderly in three groups were investigated,and the correlation between ZBI score,SF- 36 score and BI score were analyzed. Results：The differences of total ZBI score and personal burden score, responsibility burden score among three groups were statistically significant（P〈0.05）;the differences of physical function, bodily pain,general health,vitality scores of SF- 36 scale among three groups were statistiealy significant（P〈0.05）; BI score was positively correlated with SF -36 score（P〈0.01）, and all were negatively correlated with total ZBI score and its dimension scores（P〈0.01）. Conclusion：The care burden and quality of life of family caregivers had a close relationship with disability degree of elderly,the medical staff should have simultaneous assessment or care burden and quality of life of family caregivers of severe disabled elderly, and take targeted measures to reduce the caregivers＇ burden,improve family care function and the quality of life of caregivers.