城乡迁移对农村籍父母教育观念与行为的影响

The Impact of Rural-Urban Migration on Educational Ideology and Behavior of Rural Registered Parents in China

本文采用中国家庭追踪调查(2010)的数据研究暂时性城乡迁移对农村籍学龄儿童父母教育观念与行为的影响,并结合中国户籍制度探讨影响机制。文中将进城者视作处置组,未进城者视作参照组,通过泛精确匹配减少两组别个体特征变量的差异,再以IPWRA处置效应估计修正进城与否在自我选择下的内生性。研究发现:暂时性城乡迁移仅提高了父母对子女的学业关注,未改善父母对自身和对子女的教育获得期望与家庭教育支出配置,反而明显恶化了父亲的教育成就观。户籍制度下城市劳动力市场和教育资源对农村临时移民的双重限制是导致上述结果的主要原因。

By analyzing the China Family Panel Studies （2010） data, this study examines the im- pacts of temporary rural-urban migration on the educational ideology and behavior of rural registered parents with school age children, and interprets the results on the basis of China＇s household registra- tion system. The study treats the rural registered people living in cities as the treatment group and those remaining in rural areas as the controlled group. It employs coarsened exact matching to reduce the covariates imbalance between the two groups and uses the IPWRA treatment estimation method to adjust the endogeneity of self-selected migration. The major conclusions are as follows. First, tempora- ry rural-urban migration raises the attention of parents to their children＇s learning only in families with a single school age child. Second, it has no effect on the educational level that the parents expect of them- selves or of their children and no effect on household education expenditure. Third, it significantly worsens the father＇s view on educational achievements. The entry restrictions in the urban labor mar- ket and the accessibility restrictions on educational resources for temporary migrants, which can be at- tributed to the household registration system, are considered to be the main reason for the findings.