2010-2014年江苏省张家港市手足口病病原体监测结果分析

The Monitoring Results of Hand- foot- mouth Disease Pathogen in Zhangjiagang,2010-2014

目的了解2010-2014年江苏省张家港市手足口病病原学特征及流行趋势,为防控工作提供实验室依据。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR对疑似手足口病患者的咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒通用型(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)核酸检测。结果 2010-2014年共检测手足口病病例标本328份,检出肠道病毒280份,检出率为85.37%,其中EV71核酸阳性87份,CA16核酸阳性67份,其他EV核酸阳性126份。发病人群主要集中在5岁以下儿童,且男童所占比例大于女童。检出病原体2010年以EV71和CA16为主,但2011年起以其他肠道病毒为主。结论 2010-2014年张家港市手足口病发病趋势已从EV71和CA16主导流行,变成其他EV为流行优势株,提示今后手足口病监测工作应加强对EV71和CA16以外的其他肠道病毒的分型检测,为手足口病防治提供实验室依据。

Objective To understand the etiology and epidemic features of hand - foot - mouth disease （HFMD） in Zhangjiagang from 2010 to 2014, and provide the laboratory evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods Real - time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used for detecting the nucleic acid of universal Entero- virus （EV）, Enterovirus 71 （EV71） and Coxsaekie virus A16 （CA16） from throat swabs of suspected HFMD patients. Results There were 328 HFMD specimens detected from 2010 to 2014, and 280 cases （85.37%.） were enterovirus nucleic acid positive. 87 cases were EVT1, 67 cases were CA16, and 126 cases were other EV. HFMD cases were commonly found in children younger than 5 years old, and the boys much more than the girls. The HFMD cases were caused mainly by EV71 and CA16 in 2010. But the main pathogen had changed to other EV since 2011. Conclusion The main pathogens of HFMD has been changed from EVT1 and CA16 to the other EV during 2010 -2014. It shows the other EV should be paid more atten- tion to monitor the virus typing, to provide experimental evidence for HFMD prevention and treatment.