电化学技术处理油田污水的研究进展

Research progress on electrochemical technology applying on oilfield wastewater treatment

对油田污水的性质、组成及危害进行了简要叙述。介绍了利用电化学技术处理油田污水的原理,以及目前国内外应用的主要方法,包括微电解法、电解气浮法和电化学氧化法等。分析了电化学技术用于油田污水处理的优缺点,如高效、清洁、安全,但能耗较高,电极材料的稳定性、活性和寿命较低。综述了电化学技术处理油田污水的研究和应用进展,提出了电化学处理油田污水的研究重点和改进方向,主要包括电化学技术与其他化学方法联合处理,发挥协同作用,改善处理效果;研发特殊的电化学处理设备,提高处理效率;开发低成本、高催化活性和使用寿命稳定长久的电极材料,通过电化学氧化技术提高有机难降解物质的处理效果;将新型清洁能源与电化学技术相结合,降低处理能耗。

The properties, composition and hazards oilfield wastewater is presented briefly. The principles and main methods of electrochemical technology applying on oilfield wastewater treatment are expounded including micro-electrolytic process, electrolytic gas floatation process and electrochemical oxidation process. The merit and demerit of electrochemical technology for oilfield wastewater treatment are analyzed, for example, high efficiency, clean, security, but high energy consumption, poor stability, activity and life of electrode materials. The research and application progresses of electrochemical technology for oilfield wastewater treatment are reviewed, and the research emphasis and improvement direction are put forward, including combining electrochemical technology with other chemical methods to exert synergistic effects and improve treatment efficiency, researching new electrochemical treatment devices to enhance treatment efficiency, developing lower cost, higher catalytic activity and longer service life electrode materials to increase treatment effects of organic hardly degradable substances, and combining clean energy with electrochemical technology to reduce treatment energy consumption.