2013—2015年天津市武清区中医医院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis on distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing female urogenital tract infection in Tianjin Wuqing Hospital of TCM from 2013 to 2015

目的分析天津市武清区中医医院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌分布和耐药性情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法选择2013年1月—2015年1月在天津市武清区中医医院就诊的泌尿生殖道感染女性患者120例,对病原菌分布和药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果共分离出病原菌380株,其中支原体274株,占72.11%,主要为解脲支原体和人型支原体;细菌106例,占27.89%,主要为肠杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。解脲支原体对环丙沙星、红霉素、氧氟沙星、四环素的耐药率较高,均大于60.00%;人型支原体对环丙沙星、红霉素、氧氟沙星、四环素、阿奇霉素、氯霉素、克拉霉素、复方新诺明耐药率较高,均大于60.00%,解脲支原体和人型支原体对多西环素、米诺环素、交沙霉素的耐药率较低,均小于10.00%;表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、红霉素、氯霉素的耐药率较高,均大于70.00%,肠杆菌对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、红霉素的耐药率均大于70.00%,表皮葡萄球菌、肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌对交沙霉素、多西环素、米诺环素的耐药率均小于10.00%。结论天津市武清区中医医院女性生殖道感染病原菌以支原体为主,其中多数耐药严重,临床应结合药敏试验,合理选用抗菌药物;同时要重视加强细菌耐药性的检测。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing female urogenital tract infection in Tianjin Wuqing Hospital of TCM, and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods Female patients（120 cases） with urogenital tract infection were selected in Tianjin Wuqing Hospital of TCM from January 2013 to January 2015. The distribution and drug resistance were analyzed retrospectively. Results Total 380 strains of pathogens were isolated, in which mycoplasma were 274 strains（72.11%）, main of them were Mycoplasma urealyticum and M. humenis. While bacteria（106 strains） accounted for 27.89%, main of them were Enterobacter bacilli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and S. aureus. The resistance rates of M. urealyticum against ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, ofloxacin, and tetracycline were higher, and they were all above 60.00%. The resistance rates of M. humenis against ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, ofloxacin, tetracycline, azithromycin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were higher, and they were all above 60.00%. M. urealyticum and M. humenis were more sensitive to doxycycline, minocycline, and josamycin, and the resistance rates were all lower than 10.00%. The resistance rates of S. epidermidis, and S. aureus against ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol were higher, and they were all above 70.00%. The resistance rates of E. bacilli against ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and erythromycin were higher, and they were all above 70.00%. S. epidermidis, E. bacilli, and S. aureus were more sensitive to josamycin, doxycycline, and minocycline, and the resistance rates were all lower than 10.00%. Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria causing female urogenital tract infection in Tianjin Wuqing Hospital of TCM is mycoplasma, and most of them were severely resistant to antibiotics. It is important to choose rational antibiotics according to the drug sensitive test and enhance the detection of drug resistance.