反渗透复合膜研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospect in the Development of Reverse Osmosis Composite Membrane Technology

反渗透技术凭借其高效率、操作维护方便等优点在近几十年得到长足的发展,并超越蒸馏等热法技术成为主流淡化技术。反渗透膜是反渗透技术的核心,其中芳香聚酰胺复合膜相比其他反渗透膜具有更高的通量和脱盐率、更好的耐压性和酸碱耐受范围,在反渗透技术中应用最为广泛。但聚酰胺类复合膜因较高的能耗,较弱的耐污性和较差的耐氯性,限制了其在海水淡化技术领域的发展,也成为研究人员关注的热点和和亟待解决的问题。随着新型功能性聚合物以及无机纳米材料的引入,反渗透复合膜的潜力被不断挖掘,研究人员进行了大量新型反渗透膜的制备研究,当前存在的问题有望得到解决。本文将分别针对聚酰胺反渗透膜的缺陷,结合反渗透技术和复合反渗透膜的研究现状,讨论新型反渗透膜的改进策略,并对其发展进行展望。

Reverse osmosis technology get rapid development with its high efficiency, convenient operation and maintenance in recent decades, and transcend distillation becomes mainstream desalination technology. Reverse osmosis membrane is the core of the reverse osmosis technology. The aromatic polyamide composite membranes is the most widespread in the reverse osmosis technology for their higher flux and desalination rate, better pressure resistance and pH tolerance range compared with other reverse osmosis membrane, ＇ but,high energy consumption, poor fouling and chlorine resistance which limits the development ofpolyamide composite film in desalination technology also becomes a hot topic of researchers and reserved problems to be solved. With the introduction of new functional polymer and inorganic nanomaterials, reverse osmosis composite membrane potential appeared continuously, theresearchers conducted a large number of new type of reverse osmosis membrane preparation research, So we have the hope that through the bottleneck. This paper will respectively, aiming at the shortcomings of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane, combined with reverse osmosis composite membrane technology and research statusl discuss the new improvement strategy of reverse osmosis membrane, and its development prospect.