基于GPS定向测姿系统的研究

Research on GPS orientation attitude measurement system

基于运动载体姿态测量实时性的要求,利用两个GPS模块同步接收卫星的载波相位观测量,运用GPS载波相位差分技术,对卫星数据进行二维遍历搜索,建立快速搜索的模糊度函数,以最小二乘法为基础计算出两个天线中心点的基线矢量长度,最后快速计算出相对基准的航向、横滚和俯仰角;通过实验证明在3 m基线下,航向精度达到1.5 mil,而且定向时间一般只需1 min左右;在6 m基线下,航向精度达到1 mil,定向时间只需60 s。

Required by real- time motion carrier attitude measurement, this research uses two GPS modules to receive satellite carrier phase measurements synchronously, uses GPS carrier phase differential technique to search two- dimensional traversal satellite data,and builds a ambiguity function for quick search. Then the research calculates baseline vector length between two antenna central points based on the least squares method, and quickly compute relative reference angles of heading, rolling and pitch. The experiment proves that under the baseline of 3 m, the heading accuracy has reached 1. 5 mil, and directional time generally takes about 1minute while under 6 m baseline, heading accuracy has reached 1 mil, and directional time only takes 1 minute.