中美网络主权观念的认知差异及竞合关系

Cognitive Differences and Competitive Cooperation in the Concept of Cycber Sovereignty between China and the United States

网络空间中主权概念回归与再主权化已成为主流。虽然网络主权在内涵上存在着诸如互联网的开放性、虚拟性与国家主权封闭性之间的矛盾、互联网的超地域性与主权地域性之间的矛盾、互联网的多中心性与国家主权单一性之间的矛盾,但这无法否定与忽视网络主权的重要性。中美两国对于网络主权的认知也存有争议。中美在保障网络安全与独立性、网络战实力等领域的竞争日趋激烈,但是在国际互联网治理、打击网络犯罪和网络恐怖主义等议题上的合作也日益紧迫。未来中国须围绕加强网络主权的学术理论研究、制定全方位的网络空间大战略、构建网络平行基础设施、应对美国软性网络渗透与网络文化战及推动国际互联网治理转型等路径迈向网络强国。

The resurgence of the concept of sovereignty has become popular place in cyberspace.Although cycber sovereignty contains some contradiction in its connotation,such as(1)the openness/virtualily of the Internet vs.closure of national sovereignty;(2)the trans-territory for the Internet vs.the territoriality for sovereignty,and(3)the polycentric nature of the Internet vs.the unitary nature of state sovereignty.However,it does not mean that the importance of cycber sovereignty could be ignored or even refuted.Several disputes have been seen between the United States and China over cycber sovereignty.On the one hand,Sino-US competition in the area of protection of network security and network independence and cyber-warfare strength etc.has been intensified,on the other hand,the cooperation in the field of global Internet governance,fighting against cyber-crimes and cyber-terrorism etc.has also become urgent.On the way to an Internet great power in the future,China ought to advance the research on the theories on cycber sovereignty,to develop full-range cyberspace strategies,to construct parallel Internet infrastructure,to cope with America's soft network penetration and even network cultural war,and to promote the transformation of global Internet governance.